Correlation
Q: Excretion of bile pigments & bile salts into the bile is which function of liver? (Topic: Organ function Tests)
A: Excretory function
Q: Name the tests based on liver excretory function. (Topic: Organ function Tests)
A: Serum-bilirubin: Total, conjugated and unconjugated
Urine: Bile pigments, bile salts and urobilinogen
Q: Bile pigments are degradation product of? Name the tests for its detection in urine. (Topic: Hemoglobin)
A: Hemoglobin is degraded as bile pigments.
Test for Bilirubin in urine: Van den Bergh’s test, Gmelin’s test, Cole’s test, Fouchet’s test, Ehrlich’s test
Q: Name the vitamin involved in bile pigments degradation. (Topic: Vitamins)
A: Vitamin C is required for degradation of bile pigments.
Q: Precursor for synthesis of bile salts is? Name the tests for its detection in urine. (Topic: Lipids)
A: Bile salts are product of cholesterol.
Tests for bile salts in urine: Hay’s sulphur powder test, Pettenkoffer’s test, Oliver’s test
Q: Increased urobilinogen in urine, absence of bilirubin in urine and increased stercobilinogen in feces are strongly suggestive of which type of jaundice? (Topic: Organ function Tests)
A: Hemolytic Jaundice.
Q: Mention the normal range of serum total, direct and indirect bilirubin. (Topic: Hemoglobin)
A: Normal range-
Total bilirubin – 0.2 to 1.0 mg/dl
Direct (conjugated) – 0.2 to 0.4 mg/dl
Indirect (unconjugated) – 0.2 to 0.6 mg/dl
Correlation
Q: Estimation of Total proteins, Serum albumin, globulins, A/G ratio, Prothrombin time is used to assess which function of the liver? (Topic: Organ function Tests)
A: Synthetic function of liver
Q: Albumin, Globulin & plasma proteins are separated by? (Topic: Amino Acids & Proteins)
A: Electrophoresis
Q: Mention the functions of plasma protein- albumin. (Topic: Amino Acids & Proteins)
A: Maintenance of osmotic pressure: Albumin contributes to 75-80 % of total plasma osmotic pressure, Maintains blood volume and body fluid distribution.
Transport functions: Albumin – transport of FFA, Unconjugated bilirubin, Calcium, Copper
Q: Decrease in plasma albumin leads to which clinical condition in one of the Protein-energy malnutrition conditions? (Topic: Nutrition)
A: Bilateral pitting edema with a protruding abdomen in Kwashiorkor as osmotic pressure is not maintained due to albumin deficiency.
Q: Mention the basic cause of Kwashiorkor. (Topic: Nutrition)
A: Protein deficiency in 1–5-year-old children
Q: Name the other type of PEM with severe muscle wasting, no edema, normal serum albumin. (Topic: Nutrition)
A: Marasmus due to calorie restriction in below 1 year infant.
Q: Serum albumin levels are indicator of acute or chronic liver disease? (Topic: Organ function Tests)
A: chronic liver disease- Since albumin has a fairly long half-life of 20 days