Definition, Classification, and Differences between Fat-Soluble & Water-Soluble Vitamins
Q1. Which of the following best defines vitamins?
A. Inorganic elements needed for enzymatic action
B. Organic compounds required in small amounts for normal growth and metabolism
C. Hormones produced by the endocrine glands
D. Macronutrients needed in bulk
Q2. Which is the correct basis for classification of vitamins?
A. Functional groups
B. Molecular size
C. Solubility in water or fat
D. Dietary source
Q3. Fat-soluble vitamins include all except:
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin E
D. Vitamin B6
Q4. Which one of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?
A. Vitamin K
B. Vitamin B12
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin A
Q5. One major difference between fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins is:
A. Fat-soluble vitamins are excreted easily
B. Water-soluble vitamins are stored in the body for long durations
C. Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed with dietary fat and bile salts
D. Water-soluble vitamins are toxic at low doses
Q6. Which vitamin is known to be synthesized in the skin under sunlight?
A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin A
C. Vitamin D
D. Vitamin B1
Q7. Which of the following is not a feature of water-soluble vitamins?
A. Easily excreted in urine
B. Needed regularly in diet
C. Stored in adipose tissue
D. Act as coenzymes
Q8. Fat-soluble vitamins are mainly stored in:
A. Muscle tissue
B. Liver and adipose tissue
C. Intestine
D. Brain
Q9. Which vitamin belongs to the B-complex group?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin B2
D. Vitamin K
Q10. One of the key differences between the two classes of vitamins is:
A. Water-soluble vitamins are never toxic
B. Fat-soluble vitamins cannot be stored
C. Water-soluble vitamins act mainly as coenzymes
D. Fat-soluble vitamins are always antioxidants
✅ Answer Key
Q1: B – Organic compounds required in small amounts for normal growth and metabolism
Q2: C – Solubility in water or fat
Q3: D – Vitamin B6
Q4: B – Vitamin B12
Q5: C – Fat-soluble vitamins are absorbed with dietary fat and bile salts
Q6: C – Vitamin D
Q7: C – Stored in adipose tissue
Q8: B – Liver and adipose tissue
Q9: C – Vitamin B2
Q10: C – Water-soluble vitamins act mainly as coenzymes
Vitamin A – Dietary Sources, RDA, Biochemical Functions, Deficiency Manifestations, and Toxicity
Q1. Which of the following is the main active form of Vitamin A in the body?
A. Retinol
B. Retinoic acid
C. Beta-carotene
D. Retinal
Q2. Which of the following foods is the richest source of preformed Vitamin A?
A. Spinach
B. Carrot
C. Liver
D. Mango
Q3. Beta-carotene is primarily found in:
A. Animal liver
B. Dairy products
C. Green leafy vegetables and yellow-orange fruits
D. Red meat
Q4. The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for adult males for Vitamin A is approximately:
A. 400 µg/day
B. 600 µg/day
C. 900 µg/day
D. 1500 µg/day
Q5. Which of the following is not a function of Vitamin A?
A. Maintenance of epithelial tissues
B. Phototransduction in the retina
C. Synthesis of collagen
D. Immune function support
Q6. The earliest clinical manifestation of Vitamin A deficiency is:
A. Corneal ulcer
B. Xerophthalmia
C. Night blindness
D. Bitot’s spots
Q7. Which of the following eye conditions is specifically associated with Vitamin A deficiency?
A. Cataract
B. Retinopathy
C. Xerophthalmia
D. Glaucoma
Q8. Bitot’s spots are caused by:
A. Iron deficiency
B. Vitamin A deficiency
C. Zinc deficiency
D. Vitamin D deficiency
Q9. Hypervitaminosis A can result in all except:
A. Liver toxicity
B. Bone pain
C. Hair loss
D. Improved night vision
Q10. Which of the following is a teratogenic effect of excess Vitamin A during pregnancy?
A. Spina bifida
B. Limb malformations
C. Rickets
D. Night blindness
✅ Answer Key
Q1: A – Retinol
Q2: C – Liver
Q3: C – Green leafy vegetables and yellow-orange fruits
Q4: C – 900 µg/day
Q5: C – Synthesis of collagen
Q6: C – Night blindness
Q7: C – Xerophthalmia
Q8: B – Vitamin A deficiency
Q9: D – Improved night vision
Q10: B – Limb malformations
Vitamin D – Dietary Sources, RDA, Biochemical Functions, Deficiency Manifestations, and Toxicity
Q1. The most active form of Vitamin D in the human body is:
A. Cholecalciferol
B. Ergocalciferol
C. 25-hydroxycholecalciferol
D. 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol
Q2. Which of the following is the main dietary source of Vitamin D?
A. Citrus fruits
B. Fortified milk
C. Green leafy vegetables
D. Whole grains
Q3. Vitamin D can be synthesized in the skin from:
A. Ergosterol
B. Cholesterol
C. 7-dehydrocholesterol
D. Squalene
Q4. What is the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) of Vitamin D for adults (19–70 years)?
A. 200 IU/day
B. 400 IU/day
C. 600 IU/day
D. 1000 IU/day
Q5. Which of the following is a major biochemical function of Vitamin D?
A. Promoting collagen synthesis
B. Enhancing calcium and phosphate absorption
C. Acting as a coenzyme in amino acid metabolism
D. Stimulating insulin release
Q6. The classic childhood disease associated with Vitamin D deficiency is:
A. Pellagra
B. Rickets
C. Scurvy
D. Beriberi
Q7. Vitamin D deficiency in adults leads to:
A. Osteomalacia
B. Osteopetrosis
C. Osteoarthritis
D. Osteogenesis imperfecta
Q8. Which of the following is not a symptom of Vitamin D toxicity?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Kidney stones
C. Nausea and vomiting
D. Hypophosphatemia
Q9. Which hormone works synergistically with Vitamin D to regulate calcium levels?
A. Calcitonin
B. Thyroxine
C. Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
D. Insulin
Q10. What is the main circulating and storage form of Vitamin D in the human body?
A. Cholecalciferol
B. Ergocalciferol
C. 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D)
D. 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)₂D)
✅ Answer Key
Q1: D – 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol
Q2: B – Fortified milk
Q3: C – 7-dehydrocholesterol
Q4: C – 600 IU/day
Q5: B – Enhancing calcium and phosphate absorption
Q6: B – Rickets
Q7: A – Osteomalacia
Q8: D – Hypophosphatemia
Q9: C – Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Q10: D– 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)₂D)
Vitamin C – Dietary Sources, RDA, Biochemical Functions, Deficiency Manifestations
Q1. Which of the following is the active form of Vitamin C in the body?
A. Dehydroascorbic acid
B. Retinoic acid
C. Ascorbic acid
D. Citric acid
Q2. Which of the following foods is richest in Vitamin C?
A. Apple
B. Carrot
C. Orange
D. Potato
Q3. The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) of Vitamin C for adult men is approximately:
A. 20 mg/day
B. 40 mg/day
C. 60 mg/day
D. 90 mg/day
Q4. Which of the following is a biochemical function of Vitamin C?
A. Enhancing absorption of vitamin A
B. Collagen synthesis
C. DNA replication
D. Enhancing protein digestion
Q5. Vitamin C enhances the intestinal absorption of which mineral?
A. Zinc
B. Calcium
C. Iron
D. Magnesium
Q6. Deficiency of Vitamin C causes which of the following diseases?
A. Pellagra
B. Rickets
C. Beriberi
D. Scurvy
Q7. One of the classical symptoms of scurvy is:
A. Muscle paralysis
B. Bleeding gums
C. Bone deformities
D. Neuropathy
Q8. Vitamin C plays a role in cholesterol metabolism by aiding in the conversion of cholesterol into:
A. Bile acids
B. Steroid hormones
C. Vitamin D
D. Fatty acids
Q9. Which of the following is not a function of Vitamin C?
A. Antioxidant
B. Cofactor for proline hydroxylation
C. Enhancing non-heme iron absorption
D. Synthesis of vitamin D
Q10.Vitamin C acts as a cofactor in the metabolism of which amino acid during collagen synthesis?
A. Lysine and Proline
B. Methionine and Cysteine
C. Phenylalanine and Tyrosine
D. Tryptophan and Histidine
✅ Answer Key
Q1: C – Ascorbic acid
Q2: C – Orange
Q3: D – 90 mg/day
Q4: B – Collagen synthesis
Q5: C – Iron
Q6: D – Scurvy
Q7: B – Bleeding gums
Q8: A – Bile acids
Q9: D – Synthesis of vitamin D
Q10: A – Lysine and Proline
Vitamin E & Vitamin K
Q1. Vitamin E is primarily known for its role as a:
A. Coenzyme in energy metabolism
B. Fat-soluble antioxidant
C. Blood clotting factor
D. Hormone precursor
Q2. The richest dietary sources of Vitamin E include:
A. Green leafy vegetables and citrus fruits
B. Vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds
C. Liver and dairy products
D. Fish and eggs
Q3. The deficiency of Vitamin E most commonly causes:
A. Hemolytic anemia due to oxidative damage to RBCs
B. Bleeding disorders
C. Bone deformities
D. Night blindness
Q4. Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of:
A. Prothrombin and other clotting factors
B. Collagen
C. Retinol binding protein
D. Vitamin D
Q5. The main source of Vitamin K for humans is:
A. Citrus fruits
B. Intestinal bacterial synthesis
C. Fish oil
D. Meat
Q6. Deficiency of Vitamin K leads to:
A. Hemolytic anemia
B. Increased bleeding and prolonged prothrombin time
C. Rickets
D. Neuropathy
Q7. Which vitamin is known to have a toxicity risk mainly related to anticoagulant drug interactions?
A. Vitamin E
B. Vitamin K
C. Vitamin A
D. Vitamin D
Q8. The biological function of Vitamin E includes:
A. Acting as an antioxidant protecting polyunsaturated fatty acids in cell membranes
B. Catalyzing hydroxylation reactions
C. Calcium absorption
D. Blood clot formation
Q9. Vitamin K-dependent clotting factors include all EXCEPT:
A. Factor II (Prothrombin)
B. Factor VII
C. Factor IX
D. Factor V
Q10. Which of the following is a natural form of Vitamin K?
A. Phylloquinone (K1)
B. Ergocalciferol
C. Tocopherol
D. Retinoic acid
✅ Answer Key
Q1: B – Fat-soluble antioxidant
Q2: B – Vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds
Q3: A – Hemolytic anemia due to oxidative damage to RBCs
Q4: A – Prothrombin and other clotting factors
Q5: B – Intestinal bacterial synthesis
Q6: B – Increased bleeding and prolonged prothrombin time
Q7: A – Vitamin E
Q8: A – Acting as an antioxidant protecting polyunsaturated fatty acids in cell membranes
Q9: D – Factor V
Q10: A – Phylloquinone (K1)
Vitamin B1 & Vitamin B2
Q1. Vitamin B1 is also known as:
A. Riboflavin
B. Niacin
C. Thiamine
D. Pyridoxine
Q2. The active coenzyme form of Vitamin B1 is:
A. Thiamine triphosphate
B. Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)
C. Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)
D. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)
Q3. The primary dietary sources of Vitamin B1 include:
A. Milk and eggs
B. Whole grains, legumes, and pork
C. Citrus fruits
D. Leafy vegetables
Q4. Vitamin B2 is also known as:
A. Thiamine
B. Riboflavin
C. Niacin
D. Biotin
Q5. The active coenzyme forms of Vitamin B2 include:
A. NAD and NADP
B. Coenzyme A
C. Flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)
D. Pyridoxal phosphate
Q6. Deficiency of Vitamin B1 primarily affects:
A. Skin and mucous membranes
B. Nervous and cardiovascular systems
C. Bone formation
D. Blood clotting
Q7. Beriberi is caused by the deficiency of:
A. Vitamin B2
B. Vitamin B1
C. Vitamin B6
D. Vitamin B12
Q8. Which of the following is a symptom of riboflavin deficiency?
A. Glossitis and angular stomatitis
B. Peripheral neuropathy
C. Megaloblastic anemia
D. Night blindness
Q9. Which vitamin acts as a coenzyme in oxidative phosphorylation?
A. Vitamin B1
B. Vitamin B2
C. Vitamin B6
D. Vitamin C
Q10. Which of the following is NOT a function of Vitamin B2?
A. Electron transport in mitochondria
B. Antioxidant enzyme system (glutathione reductase)
C. Collagen synthesis
D. Metabolism of fats, carbs, and proteins
✅ Answer Key
Q1: C – Thiamine
Q2: B – Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)
Q3: B – Whole grains, legumes, and pork
Q4: B – Riboflavin
Q5: C – Flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)
Q6: B – Nervous and cardiovascular systems
Q7: B – Vitamin B1
Q8: A – Glossitis and angular stomatitis
Q9: B – Vitamin B2
Q10: C – Collagen synthesis
Vitamin B3 & Vitamin B6
Q1. Vitamin B3 is also known as:
A. Niacin
B. Riboflavin
C. Pyridoxine
D. Cobalamin
Q2. The active coenzyme forms of Vitamin B3 are:
A. NAD and NADP
B. FAD and FMN
C. TPP and TMP
D. Coenzyme A
Q3. Pellagra is caused by deficiency of:
A. Vitamin B1
B. Vitamin B2
C. Vitamin B3
D. Vitamin B6
Q4. The classical triad of pellagra includes:
A. Dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia
B. Dermatitis, diarrhea, depression
C. Anemia, neuropathy, dermatitis
D. Ataxia, dementia, neuropathy
Q5. Vitamin B6 refers to a group of compounds including:
A. Pyridoxal, pyridoxamine, and pyridoxine
B. Thiamine and riboflavin
C. Niacin and nicotinamide
D. Folate and cobalamin
Q6. The active coenzyme form of Vitamin B6 is:
A. Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)
B. Thiamine pyrophosphate
C. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
D. Flavin adenine dinucleotide
Q7. Vitamin B6 is mainly involved in:
A. Amino acid metabolism
B. Fatty acid synthesis
C. Carbohydrate metabolism
D. DNA synthesis
Q8. Deficiency of Vitamin B6 may cause:
A. Pellagra
B. Microcytic hypochromic anemia
C. Scurvy
D. Megaloblastic anemia
Q9. Which of the following foods is a good source of Vitamin B6?
A. Meat, poultry, and fish
B. Citrus fruits
C. Leafy green vegetables
D. Milk and dairy products
Q10. Vitamin B6 toxicity is most commonly associated with:
A. Liver failure
B. Peripheral neuropathy
C. Vision loss
D. Skin rashes
✅ Answer Key
Q1: A – Niacin
Q2: A – NAD and NADP
Q3: C – Vitamin B3
Q4: A – Dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia
Q5: A – Pyridoxal, pyridoxamine, and pyridoxine
Q6: A – Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)
Q7: A – Amino acid metabolism
Q8: B – Microcytic hypochromic anemia
Q9: A – Meat, poultry, and fish
Q10: B – Peripheral neuropathy
Biotin & Pantothenic Acid
Q1. Biotin is primarily known as a coenzyme for which type of enzymes?
A. Dehydrogenases
B. Carboxylases
C. Kinases
D. Transferases
Q2. Pantothenic acid is a component of which important coenzyme?
A. NAD
B. Coenzyme A
C. FAD
D. Thiamine pyrophosphate
Q3. The richest dietary source of Biotin includes:
A. Egg yolk, nuts, and liver
B. Citrus fruits and vegetables
C. Whole grains and milk
D. Meat and fish
Q4. Pantothenic acid is widely distributed in foods, but is particularly rich in:
A. Meat, eggs, and whole grains
B. Fruits and vegetables
C. Dairy products
D. Legumes and nuts
Q5. Deficiency of biotin can lead to:
A. Dermatitis and alopecia
B. Rickets
C. Scurvy
D. Night blindness
Q6. A rare genetic disorder called biotinidase deficiency leads to:
A. Impaired recycling of biotin
B. Excessive vitamin B12 excretion
C. Impaired glucose metabolism
D. Defective fatty acid synthesis
Q7. Pantothenic acid deficiency in humans is:
A. Common
B. Extremely rare due to widespread presence in foods
C. Causes pellagra
D. Causes scurvy
Q8. One of the main functions of Pantothenic acid in metabolism is:
A. Energy production via fatty acid oxidation and Krebs cycle
B. DNA synthesis
C. Antioxidant defense
D. Collagen formation
Q9. Biotin acts as a coenzyme in which metabolic pathways?
A. Fatty acid synthesis, gluconeogenesis, and amino acid metabolism
B. Protein synthesis and DNA replication
C. Vitamin D metabolism
D. Urea cycle
Q10. Pantothenic acid is part of which important biochemical molecule?
A. Coenzyme Q10
B. Coenzyme A
C. ATP synthase
D. Hemoglobin
✅ Answer Key
Q1: B – Carboxylases
Q2: B – Coenzyme A
Q3: A – Egg yolk, nuts, and liver
Q4: A – Meat, eggs, and whole grains
Q5: A – Dermatitis and alopecia
Q6: A – Impaired recycling of biotin
Q7: B – Extremely rare due to widespread presence in foods
Q8: A – Energy production via fatty acid oxidation and Krebs cycle
Q9: A – Fatty acid synthesis, gluconeogenesis, and amino acid metabolism
Q10: B – Coenzyme A
Folic Acid & Vitamin B12
Q1. The primary dietary source of folic acid includes:
A. Meat and dairy products
B. Green leafy vegetables and legumes
C. Citrus fruits
D. Fish and eggs
Q2. Vitamin B12 is mainly obtained from:
A. Plant-based foods
B. Animal products such as meat, fish, and dairy
C. Fruits and vegetables
D. Nuts and seeds
Q3. Folic acid is essential for:
A. Collagen synthesis
B. DNA synthesis and repair
C. Bone mineralization
D. Antioxidant function
Q4. Vitamin B12 is necessary for the conversion of:
A. Homocysteine to methionine
B. Pyruvate to acetyl-CoA
C. Cholesterol to bile acids
D. Glucose to glycogen
Q5. Deficiency of folic acid during pregnancy is associated with:
A. Neural tube defects
B. Cleft palate
C. Clubfoot
D. Hydrocephalus
Q6. Pernicious anemia is caused by a deficiency of:
A. Folic acid
B. Vitamin B12
C. Vitamin B6
D. Vitamin C
Q7. Which of the following is the storage form of Vitamin B12 in the liver?
A. Methylcobalamin
B. Adenosylcobalamin
C. Hydroxocobalamin
D. Cyanocobalamin
Q8. Which vitamin deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia?
A. Vitamin B1
B. Vitamin B2
C. Folic acid and Vitamin B12
D. Vitamin C
Q9. Which of the following is a common test to diagnose Vitamin B12 deficiency?
A. Serum ferritin
B. Serum methylmalonic acid
C. Serum calcium
D. Serum albumin
Q10. Vitamin B12 absorption requires:
A. Intrinsic factor produced by gastric parietal cells
B. Bile salts
C. Pancreatic enzymes
D. Vitamin D
✅ Answer Key
Q1: B – Green leafy vegetables and legumes
Q2: B – Animal products such as meat, fish, and dairy
Q3: B – DNA synthesis and repair
Q4: A – Homocysteine to methionine
Q5: A – Neural tube defects
Q6: B – Vitamin B12
Q7: D – Cyanocobalamin
Q8: C – Folic acid and Vitamin B12
Q9: B – Serum methylmalonic acid
Q10: A – Intrinsic factor produced by gastric parietal cells
Revision MCQs
-
A patient presents with photosensitivity, cheilosis, glossitis, and seborrheic dermatitis. Which vitamin deficiency is most likely?
A. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
B. Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
C. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
D. Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) -
A 40‑year‑old vegetarian woman develops megaloblastic anemia, hypersegmented neutrophils, and neurological findings (paresthesias). Which vitamin deficiency best fits this presentation?
A. Folate (Vitamin B9)
B. Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)
C. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
D. Vitamin C -
Which vitamin acts as a coenzyme in transamination reactions?
A. Thiamine (B1)
B. Pyridoxine (B6)
C. Riboflavin (B2)
D. Niacin (B3) -
Which vitamin deficiency in infants leads to keratomalacia, Bitot’s spots, and xerophthalmia?
A. Vitamin D
B. Vitamin A
C. Vitamin E
D. Vitamin K -
Which of the following is not a function of vitamin C?
A. Hydroxylation of proline and lysine in collagen synthesis
B. Enhancing iron absorption in gut
C. Synthesis of epinephrine from norepinephrine
D. Activating the coagulation cascade -
Pellagra is associated with deficiency of:
A. Vitamin B1
B. Vitamin B2
C. Vitamin B3
D. Vitamin B6 -
Which vitamin is essential for gamma‑carboxylation of glutamate residues in clotting factors?
A. Vitamin D
B. Vitamin K
C. Vitamin A
D. Vitamin C -
Which vitamin, in excess doses (hypervitaminosis), can lead to hypercalcemia, headache, and bone pain?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin E
D. Vitamin K -
A newborn is found to have hemorrhagic disease of the newborn. Which vitamin prophylaxis is typically given at birth to prevent this?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin K
D. Vitamin E -
Which of the following vitamins is involved in one‑carbon metabolism (methyl group transfers)?
A. Niacin (B3)
B. Biotin (B7)
C. Folate (B9)
D. Thiamine (B1) -
Which vitamin’s deficiency causes “burning feet syndrome” (peripheral neuropathy, especially in alcoholics)?
A. Vitamin B1
B. Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid)
C. Vitamin B6
D. Vitamin B3 -
Which vitamin is required for carboxylation reactions (e.g. pyruvate carboxylase, acetyl CoA carboxylase)?
A. Biotin (B7)
B. Vitamin K
C. Vitamin C
D. Folate (B9) -
A child presents with rickets. Laboratory findings: low calcium, low phosphate, elevated alkaline phosphatase. Which vitamin deficiency is most likely?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin K -
Which vitamin deficiency is associated with peripheral neuropathy, sideroblastic anemia, and cheilosis?
A. Vitamin B1
B. Vitamin B6
C. Vitamin B12
D. Folate -
A 55‑year‑old male with chronic cholestatic liver disease develops steatorrhea, night blindness, and coagulopathy. Which of the following fat‑soluble vitamin deficiencies is least likely?
A. Vitamin A
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin E
D. Vitamin K -
Which vitamin derivative is part of FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide)?
A. Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
B. Niacin (B3)
C. Pantothenic acid (B5)
D. Thiamine (B1) -
Which vitamin is critical in the functioning of acyl carrier protein (ACP) in fatty acid synthesis?
A. Pantothenic acid (B5)
B. Vitamin A
C. Riboflavin
D. Biotin -
Which vitamin deficiency leads to cheilosis, glossitis, photophobia, and corneal vascularization?
A. Riboflavin (B2)
B. Niacin (B3)
C. Vitamin A
D. Thiamine (B1) -
A patient taking isoniazid for tuberculosis develops peripheral neuropathy and sideroblastic anemia. Which vitamin supplement can prevent this adverse effect?
A. Vitamin B2
B. Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
C. Vitamin B12
D. Folate -
Which vitamin is synthesized by intestinal bacteria and stored in the liver, but requires intrinsic factor for absorption in the ileum?
A. Folate (B9)
B. Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)
C. Vitamin K
D. Vitamin B6
Answer Key
-
A
-
B
-
B
-
B
-
D
-
C
-
B
-
B
-
C
-
C
-
B
-
A
-
B
-
B
-
C
-
A
-
A
-
A
-
B
-
B
Case-Based MCQs
1. A 3-year-old child presents with bowing of legs and delayed walking. On examination, there is widening of the wrist and rachitic rosary.
What is the most likely vitamin deficiency?
A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin D
C) Vitamin C
D) Vitamin B12
2. A chronic alcoholic patient is admitted with ataxia, confusion, and ophthalmoplegia.
Which vitamin deficiency is likely responsible?
A) Vitamin B6
B) Vitamin B12
C) Vitamin B1
D) Vitamin D
3. A 25-year-old female presents with sore tongue, diarrhea, and photosensitive dermatitis.
Which vitamin deficiency does this suggest?
A) Vitamin B6
B) Niacin
C) Riboflavin
D) Vitamin C
4. A 60-year-old vegetarian presents with weakness, numbness in limbs, and macrocytic anemia.
Which vitamin deficiency is most likely?
A) Vitamin B12
B) Folate
C) Vitamin B6
D) Iron
5. A patient with chronic pancreatitis develops coagulopathy. PT is prolonged, and vitamin K levels are low.
Why is vitamin K deficient?
A) Low sun exposure
B) Decreased bile secretion
C) Excess alcohol
D) High-fiber diet
6. A pregnant woman is advised to take a vitamin to prevent neural tube defects in the fetus.
Which vitamin should be supplemented?
A) Vitamin B1
B) Folic acid
C) Vitamin C
D) Vitamin D
7. A patient on isoniazid therapy for TB develops peripheral neuropathy.
Which vitamin supplementation prevents this?
A) Vitamin B1
B) Vitamin B12
C) Vitamin B6
D) Niacin
8. A child presents with irritability, photophobia, and seborrheic dermatitis. The mother reports feeding only goat’s milk.
Which vitamin is likely deficient?
A) Vitamin C
B) Niacin
C) Vitamin B2
D) Vitamin B6
9. A 45-year-old man has bleeding gums, poor wound healing, and petechiae.
What vitamin is deficient?
A) Vitamin C
B) Vitamin D
C) Vitamin K
D) Vitamin E
10. A man consumes large amounts of raw egg whites daily and presents with dermatitis, alopecia, and ataxia.
Which deficiency is likely?
A) Biotin
B) Folate
C) Thiamine
D) Riboflavin
Analytical MCQs
11. A patient has anemia with elevated homocysteine and methylmalonic acid levels.
What is the most likely deficiency?
A) Folate
B) Vitamin B12
C) Vitamin B6
D) Iron
12. Which combination of vitamin deficiencies is likely in a person with malabsorption syndrome?
A) Vitamins A, D, E, K
B) Vitamins B1, B6, B12
C) Vitamin C and folate
D) Vitamin A and C
13. A patient with kidney failure has impaired activation of a certain vitamin.
Which vitamin is it?
A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin B6
C) Vitamin D
D) Vitamin K
14. Which of the following vitamins is involved in collagen synthesis and also enhances iron absorption?
A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin C
C) Vitamin D
D) Vitamin K
15. A patient with prolonged antibiotic use develops bleeding. PT is increased.
Which vitamin is affected?
A) Vitamin C
B) Vitamin B12
C) Vitamin K
D) Vitamin E
16. Which vitamin functions as a coenzyme in transamination reactions?
A) Vitamin B1
B) Vitamin B2
C) Vitamin B6
D) Vitamin B12
17. Which vitamin deficiency leads to megaloblastic anemia without neurologic signs?
A) Vitamin B12
B) Folic acid
C) Iron
D) Vitamin C
18. Which vitamin toxicity is associated with increased intracranial pressure and bone pain?
A) Vitamin D
B) Vitamin A
C) Vitamin E
D) Vitamin K
19. In which condition is the Schilling test used?
A) Vitamin A deficiency
B) Vitamin C deficiency
C) Vitamin B12 deficiency
D) Vitamin K deficiency
20. A patient with ataxia, peripheral neuropathy, and decreased proprioception likely has deficiency of:
A) Vitamin B6
B) Vitamin C
C) Vitamin D
D) Vitamin B12
✅ Answer Key
| Q.No | Answer | Q.No | Answer | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | B | 11 | B | |
| 2 | C | 12 | A | |
| 3 | B | 13 | C | |
| 4 | A | 14 | B | |
| 5 | B | 15 | C | |
| 6 | B | 16 | C | |
| 7 | C | 17 | B | |
| 8 | C | 18 | B | |
| 9 | A | 19 | C | |
| 10 | A | 20 | D |